Tuckman's Group Development Model

Forming

•  cf.: Group Development

Storming

•  cf.: Conflict

Norming

• Norms are the standards or ground rules that develop in a group that control the behavior of its members.
• They usually express beliefs or desires of the majority.
  What “should" and “should not” be said/done.
• They have behavior as their principal focus, to ensure compliance, even if reluctantly.
  Sanctions exist for those who violate whatever the norms of the group are.
• Can be implicit or explicit, and may be unconscious

Notes:

• A change in norms changes the culture of the group.
• Group norms can facilitate or hinder group process.
• Norms of a group evolve, and are difficult to impose by force or external authority.

Performing

•  cf.: High Performance Organization

Model Comparison Diagram